Scientists Modify Body pH Levels to Prevent Cancer Spread

I am sure we all know that a definite cure for most cancers have not been found yet. However, researchers are currently looking into ways to prevent and slow the growth of tumor cells. In particular, scientists of the Moffitt Cancer Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine have been researching the effects of acidity, or levels of pH, on cancer cell invasion. In the study conducted, it was determined that increased fermentative metabolism and inefficient flow of blood to tissues contribute to increased pH levels in tumors.

Essentially, immunodeficient mice with tumors were tested. The states of these mice would ensure that they would be incapable of normally surviving these tumors. Using microscopy, the areas of the mice with the lowest pH values were the places in which the tumors were most strongly present. It was found that the tumor invasion and spreading continued in regions of the body with "normal or near normal pH levels." Ordinarily, pH values at biochemical standard state conditions are defined to be at 7. As we learned in class, the Gibbs Free energy (G) depends upon numerous factors. One of the formulas to calculate G is G = Go + RTlnQ, Q being the reaction quotient. Because the Q directly relates to the concentrations of the various compounds reacting and forming in the body, it is evident that a low Q must be the result of greater concentrations of reactants. In order to take account for this, the researchers used sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acid and bring more stability. This compound, NaCHO3, is known as an amphoteric, a molecule that can react with bases and acids. Researchers found that addition of sodium bicarbonate stopped the cancer invasion.

Scientists have figured out that increased glucose metabolism is a cause of this higher acidity. It causes an "abnormal vascular network" that disrupts blood from being delivered, along with oxygen. This in turn, causes less oxygen and more glucose fermentation in areas with tumors. Researchers have labeled this process to be called "niche engineering." Tissue cells carry out niche engineering that causes increased acidity, which does not prove fatal to malignant cells but can increase malignant cell spread and invasion. In the future, scientists plan to focus on this tissue "niche engineering" with buffers and other chemicals that can increase acidity to balance out the decreased pH levels.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130125111145.htm